Hematemesis Melena Symptoms

Haematemesis is vomiting blood and melena is black faeces, like tar caused by the presence of upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding.

Haematemesis color depending on the length of contact between the blood with gastric acid and the size of the bleeding, which can be colored like coffee or reddish and lumpy.

Haematemesis usually occurs when there is bleeding in the area proximal jejunun and melena may occur alone or together with haematemesis. At least 50-100 ml of bleeding, melena circumstances are found. The amount of blood that came out during haematemesis or melena difficult to use as a benchmark to estimate the size of the upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding. Haematemesis and melena is a state of emergency and need immediate treatment in hospital.
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Hematemesis Melena Symptoms

Signs and symptoms that can be found in patients with hematemesis melena is a shock (heart rate, body temperature), chronic liver disease (cirrhosis hepatis), and coagulopathy purpura and bruising, mild fever between 38-39oC, pain in the stomach, hyperperistaltic, decreased Hb and Ht which looks after several hours, leukocytosis and thrombocytosis on 2-5 hours after bleeding, and increased blood urea levels after 24-48 hours due to blood protein breakdown by intestinal bacteria.

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